Application of remote time-sharing prepayment syst

Application of power carrier remote time-sharing prepayment system

Abstract: This paper describes the necessity and solution of implementing remote carrier prepayment system, introduces the composition, main functions, main station software functions, concentrator, power carrier prepayment watt hour meter of the system in detail, and prospects the development of upper layer communication scheme in the future

key words: automatic meter reading; Power line carrier; long-range; Prepayment; Multi rate

1 the necessity of implementing remote time-sharing prepayment of power carrier

after the transformation of urban power supply and rural power supply in China, one meter per household has been implemented, and the number of meters used by residents has doubled, especially in cities where time-sharing electricity price is implemented, the workload has increased by more than four times on this basis. If we continue to use the traditional manual door-to-door copying of electric energy meter data, it will not only cost more labor, high cost, low efficiency, but also have many human errors, which will not only not meet the requirements of power system reform, but also directly hinder the implementation of advanced management modes such as time-of-use electricity price operation and prepaid electricity charges. With the progress of technology and management, China has gradually developed integrated circuit (IC) card prepayment system and automatic meter readingSystem (AMRS). However, from the perspective of application, these two systems still have many shortcomings, and it is urgent to develop new advanced systems to meet the needs of the power system

1.1 1C card prepayment

in recent years, in order to reduce the workload of manual meter reading and implement the early collection of electricity charges, some IC card prepayment meters have been installed throughout China, and some technical quality, management and legal problems have occurred in their use

the main problems existing in the technical quality of IC card watt hour meter: ① the anti-interference ability is weak, and the quality problems are prominent, especially its open read-write window is vulnerable to external attacks; ② It is difficult to obtain evidence and identify after the control system fails due to the attack, and it is very easy to have power disputes. ③ The power failure before the pre purchased electricity is almost exhausted violates the provisions of the electricity laws and regulations; ④ High price, short service life, poor comprehensive benefit and high use risk; ⑤ Power theft is serious, and some users pull and connect privately without recharging for a long time; ⑥ It is difficult to adapt to the requirements of electricity price changes, which may affect social stability during electricity price adjustment

IC card watt hour meter also has problems in power management, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of power marketing management reform: ① it can not reflect the power consumption of users in real time and can not calculate the loss; ② The statistical data is inaccurate and cannot truly reflect the power consumption of users; ③ The operation is difficult to standardize, resulting in an increase in unknown losses; ④ The data collection is not timely, which can not reflect the power load status in real time, and can not effectively monitor the user behavior

1.2 power carrier automatic meter reading system

automatic meter reading system is a new technology that applies automatic data acquisition, transmission and processing to power supply and consumption management system. It fundamentally overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional manual meter reading mode and brings new hope to the modernization of power management

seeking a simple and reliable automatic meter reading method is an important research content in the field of instrument communication. Among the communication media, C. dual report editing is the most popular: the fully open user editing report focuses on the powerline carrier (PLC) communication. This is because PLC lines are all over the country, from power plants to residential families. There is no need to rewire, which can save a lot of manpower and material resources. Power line carrier communication refers to the technology that modulates the high-end special-shaped electronic copper tape of information production into high-frequency signals and superimposes them on the power line for communication. Under the same transformer area, a concentrator collects the data of several collectors or watt hour meters to form a power line based communication

using the low-voltage power line as the underlying data channel of AMRS, not only the operation cost is low, but also very economical. Its advantages are: ① the power line is a communication channel fully controlled by the power department, and there is no need to lay another communication channel; ② The power line is the infrastructure of all houses and buildings. Taking the power line as the communication channel can greatly save the investment in laying the communication channel; ③ Almost no maintenance or minimal maintenance; ④ Taking the power line as the communication channel can flexibly realize plug and play

however, there are still many technical difficulties in using low-voltage power lines as transmission channels: first, the interference on power lines is very large, especially on user lines, such as high-order harmonics generated by users' household appliances and switching power supplies, instantaneous pulse interference generated when various electrical equipment are turned on and off, wide-spectrum standing wave interference generated by switches of various high-power switching devices, and so on; Secondly, the line characteristics in different places may be completely different. The type of thermoplastic line used and the load on the line will have a great impact on the transmission characteristics of high-frequency signals on the power line. Even for the same section of power line, its transmission characteristics will change with the change of power load. Although foreign countries have relatively mature low-voltage power line carrier technology, the effect is not satisfactory if it is directly used in China. The reason is that China's control of electromagnetic compatibility of low-voltage electrical appliances is far less strict than that of western developed countries, and the treatment of electromagnetic pollution on low-voltage power is also very ineffective. There is a lot of interference, which seriously affects the quality of carrier communication; In addition, the ever-changing user load results in complex and time-varying network transmission parameters, which are difficult to be characterized by an accurate mathematical model. Therefore, how to suppress interference and improve the reliability of communication is the first problem that must be considered when using low-voltage power line carrier communication technology. At the same time, it is also very important to strive to improve the stability of communication equipment and the ability to adapt to different lines

1.3 solution

for the problems existing in the power carrier automatic meter reading system, it is obviously difficult to solve these problems in the short term from the aspects of standardizing the load characteristics of users and improving the level of electromagnetic compatibility. The only feasible way out is to comprehensively consider the energy efficiency, environmental protection and product quality, and find a carrier mode with strong anti-interference ability to increase the electromagnetic compatibility of communication equipment. Through testing all kinds of low-voltage power, we obtained a large amount of data, and designed special software to analyze the data. We studied the mathematical model of low-voltage power communication in our country and obtained proprietary technology. On this basis, we manufactured unique power noise generation equipment and power carrier production line

in order to help power companies realize advanced management modes such as pre collection of electricity charges and anti stealing of electricity, unique power noise generation equipment and power carrier production lines are adopted, and power carrier prepayment and